For another example, Hare Self-Esteem Scale includes three specific sub-scales which are Peer Self-Esteem Scale, Home Self-Esteem Scale, and School Self-Esteem Scale. Many of our today’s knowledge of facts and findings are The conclusion made by the experimenter was depending on the nominal measurement. In other words, measure can be reliable but not valid; valid measures must be reliable, however. Disclaimer: This work has been submitted by a university student. We should probably require of all students that bef… Using IBM® For example, the description made as “There are three birds in the nest”. For example, researchers tend to measure the influences of social status towards academic performances among adolescents. Reliability is important because it enables researchers to have some confidence that the measure they taken are close to the true measure. It is predictable and can be eliminated if it gets identified. occur regularly, each of them is called a mode (Frankfort-Nachmias, C., & For example, the mode seemed to be the most regularly arising data. SPSS® statistics for research methods and social science statistics (6th For example, Employment Test used to measure the performances of employee in a company or organization. One of an experiment in Social Psychology which conducted by Stanley Schachter in year of 1957 aimed to measure the affiliation when people feel worry toward a situation. Exhaustive and mutually exclusive attributes. Goal or Aim of the Research. seemed to be the most regularly arising data. However, it doesn’t have true zero point. For the Predictive validity, it correlates test scores with criterion scores which obtained in the future. mode is most often used. 4. Reliability as Temporal Stability includes Test-retest and Alternate-forms Reliability. There are two types of error which are Systematic Measurement Error and Unsystematic Measurement Error. However, I believed This is because quantitative research focuses more on numeric and logical results. Researchers compare the Reading Achievement Test scores of students with the teachers’ rating scores on students’ reading abilities. To export a reference to this article please select a referencing stye below: If you are the original writer of this essay and no longer wish to have your work published on the UKDiss.com website then please: Study for free with our range of university lectures! Registered office: Venture House, Cross Street, Arnold, Nottingham, Nottinghamshire, NG5 7PJ. Interscorer Reliability defined as correlating the scores from two or more observers’ rating to the same phenomenon. For this, are used instruments whose purpose is to express quantitatively what is being investigated. Looking for a flexible role? It is also designed for exploring the relevant causes or underlying symptoms of traits. (Wagner, 2016). Quantitative and qualitative research is based on different research paradigms that reflect the researcher’s scientific worldview. Measurement is the … As the Table 1 showed, 80 degree in Fahrenheit actually is same as 27 degree in Centigrade, and 40 degree in Fahrenheit Degree is same as 4 degree in Centigrade, and 27degree is not twice of 4 degree. We can’t use arithmetic operations in this level of measurement because the distances or intervals between the attributes are unknown. For the Construct Validity, it includes Convergent and Discriminant Validity. For example, life satisfaction should include satisfaction of career, satisfaction of family relationship, satisfaction of peer relationship, and satisfaction of marital relationship. Leon-Guerrero, 2015). Too often in applied social research (especially in economics and psychology) we have our graduate students jump from doing a literature review on a topic of interest to writing a research proposal complete with theories and hypotheses based on current thinking. Thus, they defined it as the behavior of smoking, fighting, underage drinking, and threatening. Test administration error includes uncomfortable room, dim lighting, noise in room, fatigue, nervous, and others which may influence respondents’ performances. In the study, researchers aim to focus on these three performances. Reliability as Temporal Stability is related to the times to collect data. variable is the maximum minus the minimum. Two experts evaluate each item on the four-point scale. Operationalization is specifying that how a concept in a research be measured. There are three types of validity which are Content Validity, Criterion Validity, and Construct Validity. Do you have a 2:1 degree or higher? Characteristics of this level of measurement are the attributes are ordered and the distances between attributes are equal. The Fahrenheit and Celsius temperature scales always used as examples in this level of measurement. A good reliability only reflex that the scores in a measurement is appeared consistently. Thus far, we have discussed Instrumentation as related to mostly quantitative measurement. Indexes tend to measure a concept depends on what happens in the real world. Thus, it needs some indicators or signs to represent it. Your data must be reliable to be valid, but reliability alone does not guarantee validity. Researchers make a judgment on whether the items in a measurement have covered all domains that they want to measure. Any opinions, findings, conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of AUEssays.com. chart below showed the sum, minimum, range, variance, maximum, et cetera. We publish a wide range of article types in Dental Health, Dissertation, Health Theories, Healthcare Ethics, Healthcare Leadership, Healthcare Research, Important of Quantitative Measurement in Research, Prevalence of cervical cancer – A 6 year Retrospective Study in Jigawa State, Nigeria, Potential Challenges a public health professional may face when collecting qualitative data for community health assessment. Ordinal measurement permits researchers to make comparisons like “greater than”; “less than”, “higher than”, and “lower than” but not “how much” (McClendon, 2004). Advantages of quantitative research. For all variables, they should include exhaustive attributes and mutually exclusive attributes. In a quantitative investigation, data collection and measurement is performed following a specific purpose. Experiments typically yield quantitative data, as they are concerned with measuring things. Free resources to assist you with your university studies! Although quantitative measures are also used in the social sciences, qualitative measures help investigators to understand human experiences on a deeper level. 13th Jul 2017 What gets missed is the direct experience of the phenomenon. The items in Scale used to measuring Introversion such as 1) I blush easily; 2) At parties, I tend to be a wallflower; 3) Staying home every night is all right with me; 4.I prefer small gatherings to large gatherings, and 5) When the phone rings, I usually let it ring at least a couple of times. Then, they measure “on-time submission of assignment” by using frequency as how many times that they have submitted assignment on-time in a month and assume that high level of happiness may have high frequency of on-time submission assignment. Homogeneous refers to the single component or subtest in a Homogeneity test. Here’s a more detailed point-by-point comparison between the two types of research: 1. 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