All rights reserved. The Office of Dietary Supplements says no negative effects have been reported from high doses of vitamin B12 supplements in healthy individuals. The biotin adequate intake level is 30 micrograms daily for adult men and women. ULs are maximum safe intakes that likely pose no negative health risks to the general (healthy) population. Overdosing on certain vitamins can lead to serious complications and, in rare circumstances, even death. Here are the 15 best…. Extended cooking, food processing and excess alcohol consumption can destroy or reduce the availability of many of these vitamins. Mega doses of single B vitamins can result in an imbalance with the other B vitamins, so the University of Maryland Medical Center says taking B complex vitamin supplements (containing all B complex vitamins) is the way to go. For example, vitamin D deficiencies are often treated with high-dose vitamin D injections or supplements that deliver over 50,000 IU of vitamin D, which is much more than the UL (26). Multivitamins are the world's most popular dietary supplements. Beta-carotene and vitamin E seem to increase mortality, and so may higher doses of vitamin A. Antioxidant supplements need to be considered as … Even so, caution should always be taken when consuming any dietary supplement. As with thiamin, a UL for riboflavin doesn't exist, which means consuming high doses of vitamin B2 doesn't appear to pose a risk for toxicity. While vitamin C (ascorbic acid) is an essential nutrient, it's possible to have too much of it. How Much Vitamin D Should You Take For Optimal Health? For example, taking very high doses of vitamin B6 can lead to potentially irreversible nerve damage over time, while taking large amounts of niacin — typically in excess of 2 grams per day — can cause liver damage (3, 4). B vitamins, which you’ll often hear referred to as the vitamin B complex, are particularly important aspects of your nutrition during pregnancy, especially vitamins B6, B9, and B12. Although vitamin supplements are safely consumed by many people on a daily basis, it’s possible to take too high of a dose, which can result in adverse side effects. However, taking high doses of just one B vitamin can upset the balance of other B vitamins in your body and may interact with certain medications. Consumers are bombarded with health information telling them that taking high doses of certain vitamins can benefit their health in many ways. Potential risks of taking too many vitamins, Do Multivitamins Work? Vitamin C is a water-soluble vitamin, which means the body can flush out excess vitamin C that it doesn’t need. Riboflavin, or vitamin B-2, is an essential dietary component required in small amounts for many functions including regenerating the vital antioxidant glutathione. Long-term overconsumption of B6 can cause severe neurological symptoms, skin lesions, sensitivity to light, nausea, and heartburn, with some of … In some cases, the patient develops an allergy towards all the members of vitamin B complex group. MedlinePlus says there aren't known toxic symptoms that have occurred from biotin supplements. While rare, taking too much vitamin A, D, or E can lead to potentially harmful side effects (5). In many cases, it's okay to take B vitamin supplements as long as you're not consuming mega doses of just one B vitamin (and not other B vitamins). Because fat-soluble vitamins can accumulate in your body’s tissues, they can cause much more harm when taken at high doses, especially over long periods. Nutrient deficiencies may occur with almost every nutrient, but some are more likely than others. Some vitamins have tolerable upper intake levels (ULs) established by the Institute of Medicine's Food and Nutrition Board. Taking too much vitamin C through supplements can, however, cause side effects. However, taking megadoses of some water-soluble vitamins can lead to potentially dangerous side effects. However, many people need to supplement with vitamins for a variety of reasons. However, very high doses can cause upset stomach (or other side effects) and interact with certain medications, so always check with your doctor before taking high-dose B vitamin supplements. The niacin RDA is 16 milligrams for men and 14 milligrams for women. It is very hard to overdose on vitamin B12, but you can put a moderate strain on your kidney if excess consumption occurs too often. However, it's still best to talk with your doctor before taking high doses of B12, especially if you're taking medications or have health conditions, such as Leber's disease (an eye disease), according to the University of Maryland Medical Center. This is one of the most common nutrient deficiencies in the world. Fat-soluble vitamins are more likely to cause toxicity, although water-soluble vitamins can do so as well. Vitamin D is extremely crucial for our overall health and well being. Last medically reviewed on January 20, 2020. The Office of Dietary Supplements says exceeding this amount can cause fishy body odor, excessive sweating, vomiting, low blood pressure, excessive salivation, liver toxicity, and higher heart disease risks. Many vitamin B-12 supplements contain much more of the vitamin than the body needs. No research has yet found any side effects from taking too much vitamin B-12. Why wasn't this page useful? 8 Common Signs You’re Deficient in Vitamins, 900 mcg retinol activity equivalents (RAE). Though most supplement bottles provide recommendations regarding how much of a vitamin to take per day, needs can vary from person to person. For these reasons, it’s important to use vitamins responsibly and consult a trusted health professional if you have questions about proper dosing. Excess Vitamin B2 – Riboflavin Can Be Toxic! While B vitamins are essential nutrients your body requires daily to function properly, taking in too many B vitamins can be detrimental - even dangerous in some cases. All Rights Reserved. Consuming well balanced diet on a routine basis ensures appropriate intake of them. The 13 known vitamins are divided into 2 categories — fat-soluble and water-soluble (1). Check the label on B complex vitamin supplements to make sure dosages for individual B vitamins are within safe limits. Fortunately, vitamins are typically safe to take as long as they are used responsibly. Studies show the consuming an excessive amount of vitamin B12 may: Increase the risk of cardiovascular events in people with diabetic nephropathy : A study published in JAMA sought to determine whether B vitamin therapy was able to slow the progression of diabetic nephropathy (kidney damage due to diabetes) and prevent vascular complications. Aside from vitamin K, which has a low potential for toxicity, the remaining three fat-soluble vitamins have a set UL due to their potential to cause harm at high doses. Choline adequate intake levels are 425 milligrams for women and 550 milligrams daily for men. Our website services, content, and products are for informational purposes only. For example, though vitamin C is unlikely to cause toxicity in healthy people, it can lead to tissue damage and fatal heart abnormalities in those with hemochromatosis, an iron storage disorder (19). Those who obtain their vitamin B amount from food directly, have little or no risk of toxicity. Vitamin B1 (Thiamin) Vitamin B1 doesn't have a UL, meaning it's unlikely you'll get too much of this vitamin from supplements. Individuals with health conditions can experience even more serious reactions to taking too much of a vitamin. For a reader-friendly overview of Vitamin A, see our consumer fact sheet on Vitamin A.. Introduction. D) increase B vitamins in urine. Acute hypervitaminosis is a severe condition resulting from consuming too much vitamin A during a short period of time. A case report found that taking very high doses of over 5 grams of extended-release niacin can lead to metabolic acidosis, a buildup of acid in body fluids, as well as acute liver failure — both of which can be fatal (25). The Surprising Truth, 8 Signs and Symptoms of Vitamin A Deficiency, 8 Signs and Symptoms of Vitamin D Deficiency, 7 Nutrient Deficiencies That Are Incredibly Common. Watch Out for Medicine Interactions. © 2005-2021 Healthline Media a Red Ventures Company. Overdosing on other vitamins can likewise cause potentially fatal side effects, such as liver damage. Though directions for safe dosing are listed on most supplement bottles, it’s common practice to take more than what’s recommended. Iron is an oxidant, which means it can trigger cellular damage. The B-group vitamins are a collection of eight water-soluble vitamins essential for various metabolic processes. Like with magnesium, chromium and sugar have an interactive effect due to chromium’s role in blood sugar regulation. Which B vitamin is found in egg yolk (and other foods) and functions as part of Coenzyme A? The following water-soluble vitamins have set ULs, as they can cause adverse side effects when taken in high doses: Note that these are side effects that healthy people may experience when taking large doses of these vitamins. You don't have to worry about B vitamin toxicity from eating vitamin B-rich foods, as high-dose supplements are the only way to overdose on vitamins. Because your body doesn't produce or store vitamin C, it's important to include vitamin … Furthermore, taking folic acid supplements can mask B12 deficiency symptoms, which can cause nervous system damage. Here are the 8 most common signs of vitamin and mineral deficiencies…. The amount of vitamin D you need depends on several factors. After menopause, however, excess iron can become dangerous. When you take too much vitamin B complex or particularly excess of vitamin B12, it can cause shortness of breath, pain and numbness in limbs and increase risk of cardiac problems. For example, hypervitaminosis A can be caused by taking one large dose of over 200 mg of vitamin A, or chronic use of more than 10 times the recommended daily intake (23). The body has a limited ability to store these vitamins so they need to be continuously replenished by the diet. On the contrary, excess intake of a few vitamins will manifest overdose effects in form of dizziness. The Office of Dietary Supplements says adverse side effects haven't been reported from taking riboflavin supplements even in doses of 400 milligrams per day for three months. While vitamin A deficiency is rare in developed countries, certain people may be at a higher risk. Consuming safe levels of B-complex vitamins is essential to avoid overdose. No tolerable upper intake level has been established for biotin, so the chance for toxicity is rare. Thiamin is a water soluble vitamin, which means excess of this nutrient is excreted in the urine. 5. Yet, when taken in concentrated doses in supplement form, it’s easy to take too much, and doing so can lead to negative health outcomes. The adequate intake level for pantothenic acid is 5 milligrams daily for adults, which is the amount believed to meet the needs of most of the general population. Water-soluble vitamins include vitamin C, plus eight B vitamins: Because water-soluble vitamins aren’t stored but rather excreted through urine, they’re less likely to cause issues even when taken in high doses. However, taking too much of some nutrients can be dangerous. A) riboflavin: B) niacin: C) pantothenic acid: D) Vitamin B6 (pyridoxine). This article takes a detailed look at the health effects of multivitamins. A diet lacking in nutrients may cause a variety of unpleasant symptoms. Vitamin A is the name of a group of fat-soluble retinoids, including retinol, retinal, and retinyl esters [].Vitamin A is involved in immune function, vision, reproduction, and cellular communication [1,4,5]. Vitamin B12 Dosage: How Much Should You Take per Day? It’s important to note that while these vitamins have no observable toxicity, some of them may interact with medications and interfere with blood testing results. MedlinePlus says there's no known poisoning that's occurred from taking thiamin supplements, and the University of Maryland Medical Center says consuming supplements in doses of 50 to 100 milligrams daily appears to be safe. C) increase rate of muscle formation. Through, this overdose effect of vitamins rarely happens when consumed through food, but can easily develop when consumed in supplement forms. If you suffer symptoms of B vitamin toxicity, see a healthcare professional immediately. B) increase formation of energy (ATP). Water-soluble vitamins are readily excreted from the body, while fat-soluble vitamins can be stored in tissues. Too much selenium could lead to hair loss , gastrointestinal upset, fatigue , and mild nerve damage . The University of Maryland Medical Center says there likely aren't medication interactions that occur with biotin supplements but always check with your doctor to be sure. There isn't an established UL for pantothenic acid, so the chance of toxicity from B5 supplements is rare. Unlike water-soluble vitamins, fat-soluble vitamins do not dissolve in water and are easily stored in your body’s tissues (2). MedlinePlus says large doses of B5 supplements may cause diarrhea or increase your risk for bleeding, but there aren't any known toxic symptoms. Not all B vitamins pose a risk for toxicity (negative side effects from vitamin overdose). The vitamin B12 RDA is 2.4 micrograms daily for adult men and women. Vitamin C is a water-soluble vitamin that supports normal growth and development and helps your body absorb iron. These three specifically help minimize the risk of birth defects as well as relieve some symptoms of pregnancy. Learn more here. In the prostate cancer study, the participants in the vitamin E group were taking 400 international units (IU) a day for several years, even though the recommended daily allowance of vitamin E is just 22 IU a day. Avoid exceeding this amount from supplements unless your doctor okays it. The RDA for vitamin B2 is 1.3 milligrams for men and 1.1 milligrams daily for women. Given that fat-soluble vitamins can accumulate in the body, these nutrients are more likely to lead to toxicity than water-soluble vitamins. Most people develop vitamin A toxicity by taking high-dose dietary … It’s best to consult your healthcare provider if have questions regarding proper vitamin dosing. There are more water-soluble vitamins than there are fat-soluble ones (2). They are all water soluble, which means dietary excesses are usually easily eliminated in your urine. Therefore, caution should be taken with all nutritional supplements. Upper intake levels are set to indicate the maximum dose of a nutrient that’s unlikely to cause harm for nearly all people in a general population (7, 8). However, avoid exceeding tolerable upper intake levels for B vitamins unless your doctor recommends it. Vitamin B1 doesn't have a UL, meaning it's unlikely you'll get too much of this vitamin from supplements. While this reduces the risk for vitamin C overdose/toxicity, it’s still possible to experience symptoms if you take too much vitamin C in supplement form. This article examines the scientific evidence behind…, Men and women have different nutritional needs, so gender should play a role when selecting a multivitamin supplement. However, the University of Maryland Medical Center says itching, burning, or prickling sensations, numbness, orange or yellow urine, and light sensitivity may occur when taking high doses of B2 supplements. While consuming excess vitamin B-6 from foods doesn't cause problems, consuming more than the tolerable upper intake level for vitamin B-6 through supplements can … Keep in mind that in certain circumstances, your healthcare provider may recommend that you take more than the UL for certain nutrients to correct a deficiency. If you have questions regarding vitamin dosing, it’s best to consult a medical professional. When consumed naturally through foods, these nutrients are unlikely to cause harm, even when consumed in large amounts. Thiamin recommended dietary allowance (RDA) is 1.2 milligrams for men and 1.1 milligrams daily for women. Most people meet their vitamin requirements by eating a healthy balanced diet, without the need for vitamin supplements 2. Vitamin B12 is an important water-soluble vitamin, and deficiency is common. Here are 7 incredibly common nutrient deficiencies. Allergic skin reactions have also been reported from high doses of B6 supplements. Some vitamins have set ULs to prevent potential toxicity. When taken in excess, some water-soluble vitamins can cause adverse effects, some of which can be dangerous. Supplements aren't strictly regulated by the FDA or the USDA. Here are 8 signs and symptoms of vitamin A…, Vitamin D is very important for your health, but it is possible to get too much of it. Water-soluble vitamins are readily excreted from the body and not easily stored in tissues. However, we now know that a high intake of certain B vitamins can be troublesome. If you suffer symptoms of B vitamin toxicity, see a healthcare professional immediately. It is safe to consume too much vitamin B12, but keep in mind it may negatively interact with other medication. The B vitamins are a diverse group of nutrients that are commonly found together in foods. The UL for vitamin B6 is 100 milligrams daily for adults, so don't exceed this amount from supplements unless your doctor recommends it. In adults, the recommended dietary allowance (RDA) of vitamin C is … 9 Signs and Symptoms of Vitamin B12 Deficiency. The tolerable upper intake level for folic acid is 1,000 micrograms daily for adults. Too much vitamin B12 side effects by overconsumption are rare. Aim to consume at least the vitamin B6 RDA, which is 1.3 to 1.7 milligrams daily for adults (depending on gender and age). These vitamins include vitamin B1 (thiamine), vitamin B2 (riboflavin), vitamin B5 (pantothenic acid), vitamin B7 (biotin), and vitamin B12 (cobalamin) (9, 10, 11, 12, 13). This article reviews the safety of taking vitamins, as well as the side effects and potential risks associated with consuming high doses. Here are some side effects related to the overconsumption of fat-soluble vitamins: Although vitamin K has a low potential for toxicity, it can interact with certain medications, such as warfarin and antibiotics (6). Excess amounts of vitamin A are stored in your liver, and it accumulates over time. Apart from ensuring strong bones and teeth, it also builds muscle strength and improves the functioning of … 6 Necessary Vitamins That Promote Hair Growth, Fingernails Highlight Vitamin Deficiencies, Vitamin Deficiencies That Cause Muscle Cramps, List of Vitamin B12 Injections Side Effects, All You Need to Know About Mineral Supplements, Amino Acid Supplement Benefits and Side Effects, Vitamins Effects and Functions in Pictures, Deep Cleaning Checklist: Easy Guide to Clean Like a Pro, Capricorn-Aquarius Cusp and Its Complexities Explained, 53 Nerdy Dog Names That Are Perfectly Geeky, Choosing a Tent and Sleeping Bag for Winter Camping. This article explains exactly how much vitamin D you should be taking. MedlinePlus says doses higher than 1,000 micrograms daily can cause diarrhea, cramps, sleep disorders, rash, irritability, nausea, confusion, upset stomach, behavior changes, gas, excitability, seizures, skin reactions, and possibly increased heart attack and cancer risks. Just as a high sugar intake can contribute to chromium deficiency, chromium deficiency can contribute to poor glucose tolerance and higher blood sugar levels (since adequate chromium is needed for insulin binding, increasing the insulin receptor number, and insulin … Age, genetic disorders, medical conditions, and diet are all factors that can increase the need for certain nutrients. Most of these vitamins can’t be stored by the body and must be consumed regularly in the diet. It's possible to get too much choline from supplements, as the UL is 3,500 milligrams (3.5 grams) per day for adults. The ideal dose of vitamin B12 varies based on your gender, age, and reasons for taking it. This article explores 6 side effects of taking too much vitamin…. Although it’s extremely rare to die from a vitamin overdose, there have been reported instances of death related to vitamin toxicity. Alternatively, taking high doses of non-synthetic vitamin K seems to be relatively harmless, which is why an upper intake level (UL) has not been set for this nutrient (6). The symptoms of too much vitamin B complex, may appear frightening, but there is a much higher risk, that you could have a deficiency of vitamin B than excess. Vitamin A toxicity may lead to serious complications, such as increased spinal fluid pressure, coma, and potentially fatal organ damage (23). We used to think that B vitamins were harmless because, being water-soluble (like vitamin C), they can’t accumulate in the body like the fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, and K). Most of the B vitamins are not stored well in your body, so you need to get them from your diet on a regular basis. However, similarly to vitamin K, certain water-soluble vitamins have no observable toxicity and hence no set UL. © 2006-2021 LoveToKnow, Corp., except where otherwise noted. Vitamin C and all of the B vitamins -- thiamine, riboflavin, niacin, vitamin B-6, folate, vitamin B-12, biotin and pantothenic acid -- share similar characteristics because they are all water soluble. Consuming B vitamins in excess of need will: A) decrease formation of energy (ATP). Both water- and fat-soluble vitamins can cause side effects when taken in high doses, with some causing more severe symptoms than others. Healthline Media does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Unlike vitamins B1 and B2, vitamin B3 (niacin) does have a tolerable upper intake level (UL), which is 35 milligrams daily for adult men and women. However, under medical supervision, you can take higher doses of supplemental niacin, which has been used to help lower cholesterol. The best way to get the nutrients you need is by consuming a well-rounded diet. Please help us improve. High doses of vitamin A are also known to increase the risk of lung cancer in smokers, the BBC reported. The University of Maryland Medical Center says high doses (200 milligrams daily or higher) of B6 may cause nerve damage, neurological disorders, imbalance, and loss of feeling in the legs. Vitamin B12 doesn't have a tolerable upper intake level, which means toxicity from vitamin B12 isn't too much of a concern. The folate (folic acid) RDA is 400 micrograms daily for adults. Dietary riboflavin that is not being utilized in riboflavin-dependant enzymes exists as free riboflavin. This is a fact sheet intended for health professionals. Currently, the supplement industry is … Vitamin B12 is an essential nutrient, important in nerve and blood cell health, and most people obtain enough of it in food. Check the label on B complex vitamin supplements to make sure dosages for individual B vitamins are within safe limits. Taking vitamins is part of the daily routine of millions of people worldwide. Keep in mind that these potentially deadly side effects are associated with taking exceptionally high doses of vitamins. The University of Maryland Medical Center says high doses of niacin can cause skin flushing, headache, dizziness, blurred vision, upset stomach, and an increased risk for liver damage and suggests periodic liver function tests for people taking over 100 milligrams of niacin daily. Here are 9 signs and symptoms of vitamin B12 deficiency. In rare cases, taking extremely high doses of certain vitamins may lead to fatal complications. The following chart outlines both the recommended daily intake (RDI) and tolerable upper intake levels (UL) for fat-soluble and water-soluble vitamins (6, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 20, 21, 22): Due to potential toxicity, it’s not recommended to consume more than the tolerable upper intake levels set for the nutrients listed above. Here are eight symptoms that you may have a vitamin d deficiency. Too much vitamin C or zinc could cause nausea, diarrhea, and stomach cramps. Excess fat-soluble vitamin intake from supplements may cause vitamin levels to build to high levels in the body, which can be toxic and pose a danger to health 2. Additionally, taking megadoses of vitamin D — more than 50,000 IU daily — over long periods can lead to high blood levels of calcium (hypercalcemia), which can lead to death (24). Supplements can mask B12 deficiency symptoms, which means excess of need will: a ) formation... 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