John S. Battle to grant clemencyall to no avail. Get browser notifications for breaking news, live events, and exclusive reporting. Although it was dark, Floyd testified in all six trials identifying each of the seven. Three days later, the remaining three were also electrocuted. Chicago Mayor Lori Lightfoot loses reelection bid, Fiery train crash in Greece kills at least 36, injures some 85, Garland to face Congress amid ongoing special counsel investigations, FBI chief says agency feels pandemic likely started with Chinese lab leak, House select committee hearing paints China as a strategic antagonist, JetBlue flight forced to abort landing in close call at Logan Airport, Three officers shot, standoff follows in Kansas City, Mo., police say, Vanessa Bryant, family settles claims over Kobe crash site photos for $28.5M, Bald eagle couple lays new egg after losing eaglets two years in a row, Supreme Court hears case on race and the death penalty. Photo by Henry Burroughts. Ralph Northam, left, looks over the. Grayson said she once told her father that she wanted to meet her grandfather. They said that the men had been forced into confessing that they had raped Ruby Stroud Floyd, a 32-year-old white woman who had been visiting a predominantly Black section of Martinsville,. The CRC also had organized an international campaign, and Governor Battle was swamped by letters from overseas asking him to commute the sentences of the men. Sorry! The Library of Virginia has the letter from the lawyer, Martin, asking for execution data. The rapes occurred on Saturday, January 8, 1949, after Ruby Stroud Floyd, a 32-year-old white woman, entered a black neighborhood in Martinsville, Virginia, to collect money for clothing she had sold. ", Hodge-Muse says, "This community does not have a hateful attitude that would lend itself to violence that's not our culture, and I think it speaks well of the black and white community that we have never had that type of meanness.". [7] From 1908 to 1951, only Texas, North Carolina and Georgia executed more black men for rape than did Virginia. Bruck said the Martinsville Seven case was the first in which statistics were used in a racial challenge to death sentences. After a long legal battle led by the NAACP and a grassroots campaign led by the Civil Rights Congress, the seven were executed in 1951 on February 2nd and February 5th. [4] Authorities showed increased professional conduct and procedures since the controversial arrest and execution of Odell Waller during World War II (he was initially represented at trial by the Trotskyite Revolutionary Workers League and ultimately executed).[5]. The longest deliberations lasted less than two hours, Rise said. A better quality image can be found in the Fight for Racial Justice: the Civil Rights Congress (Gale) that can be accessed online through the D.C. Public Library databases, among other methods. "Their punishment did not fit the crime. Northam has now granted a total of 604 pardons since taking office in 2018, more than the previous nine governors combined, his administration announced Tuesday. They would soon be handling the volatile case of seven black men charged with raping a white woman, and Whittle admonished them that the accused "will be tried as though both parties were members of the same race. Within hours, they admitted to having "sex" with Floyd or admitted to watching their friends have intercourse with the thirty-two-year-old. He was pronounced dead at 8:12 a.m. Three more executions quickly followed. Image courtesy of Papers of the Civil Rights Congress. There had been no threats of lynching before the trials and no disturbances after the executions. "The older people all know about it, and it's so hurtful that they don't really want to talk about it. You can directly shop your flowers on Amazon. "These men were executed because they were Black, and that's not right," Northam said. Edit a memorial you manage or suggest changes to the memorial manager. All six juries convicted the young men of rape and recommended the death penalty. The judge ruled that there was no evidence that discrimination was involved in imposing the Martinsville death sentences. Ruby belonged to a predominantly black neighborhood in Martinsville,. Any monthly plan. Martin and his uncle later testified that the uncle warned Floyd not to make the trip in the dark. There was an error deleting this problem. Cause of death Details of the circumstance surrounding our beloved, Ruby Stroud Floyddeath is not public yet, we will share more as we learn. As the final execution dates of Feb. 2 and Feb. 5, 1951, approached the governor's office was flooded with thousands of telegrams, including one from Moscow, asking that the men not be executed. Defense lawyers argued that Floyd had consented to sexual intercourse by failing to forcibly resist the men and that the initial confessions were forced by the local sheriff. "I remember the very day the police came to the door. A life so beautifully lived deserves to be beautifully remembered. Forego a bottle of soda and donate its cost to us for the information you just learned, and feel good about helping to make it available to everyone. "This was the Jim Crow South; this was prior to the civil-rights movement why would she be there," she asked. "I remember the very day the police came to the door. The image is a Civil Rights Congress flyer for a rally in New York City in 1950. Pickets parade in front of the White House Jan. 30, 1951, in an effort to persuade President Truman to halt execution of seven black men sentenced to death in Virginia on charges of raping a white woman. And will be dearly missed by family, friends, and everyone. Rape is no longer a death-eligible crime in the U.S., but 60 years later, the executions of the Martinsville Seven still provoke strong feelings in Martinsville's African-American community and among death-penalty critics. Box 500 Station A Toronto, ON Canada, M5W 1E6. This relationship is not possible based on lifespan dates. She also had abrasions on her elbows, forearms, knees, lower legs and thighs. The group of young men soon got the name The Martinsville Seven. After a long legal battle led by the NAACP and a grassroots campaign led by the Civil Rights Congress (CRC), the seven were executed in 1951 on February 2nd and February 5th. Search above to list available cemeteries. Though our words can do little, we hope our thoughts and prayers will encourage you this period and always as you mourn, the passing soul. Make sure that the file is a photo. You can always change this later in your Account settings. It is a filthy, sick crime," Hodge-Muse said. Defense lawyers claimed that the initial confessions were forced by the local sheriff. They applied the bulk of the funds raised to the defense of clients. Another person who wants to learn more is Denise Grayson, 46, of Raleigh, N.C., a granddaughter of Francis Grayson. COPYRIGHT (C) 2017 - ALL RIGHTS RESERVED - BLACK THEN
For more information and other images, see www.flickr.com/photos/washington_area_spark/sets/72157643 Photo by Washington Daily News. "It means so much to me," he said of the pardon. The "Martinsville Seven," as the men became known, were all convicted of raping 32-year-old Ruby Stroud Floyd, a white woman who had gone to a predominantly black neighborhood in Martinsville . In advance of a large planned CRC demonstration in the state capital, Governor Battle doubled the capital guard and alerted the state militia. The case of the Martinsville Seven was cited during the legislative debate as an example of the disproportionate use of the death penalty against people of color. Closed Captioning and Described Video is available for many CBC shows offered on CBC Gem. A Year of History: Martinsville Seven executions remain 'a raw wound' for many. While Ruby Stroud Floyd was being treated in hospital after the alleged rape, police arrested six suspects, and two days later a seventh. James Walter Grayson is the son of Francis DeSales Grayson, who was one of the seven. The prosecution pointed out that Floyd had gone to an area considered unsafe for white women, ignored warnings of black residents of staying too long there, and not been attentive to her surroundings or the men she passed. Their petition does not argue that the men were innocent, but says their trials were unfair and the punishment was extreme and unjust. The young men were arrested, interrogated & charged with rape & attempted rape. Doris Gravely, 80, of Martinsville, a first cousin of Joe Henry Hampton, the first of the seven executed, talked about the case in her living room last month. The seven men, ranging in age from 18-37 years old, were arrested in 1949 for the reported rape of 32-year-old Ruby Stroud Floyd, a white woman who lived in Martinsville. What happened to the white American Ruby Stroud Floyd more than 70 years ago in a black neighborhood in the small town of Martinsville, Virginia, will probably remain unexplained forever. Man died Wednesday. Try again. This memorial has been copied to your clipboard. State And Regional Martinsville Film To Be Produced By Charlottesville Activist And Uvas Center For Politics. ", She also asked, "How many black women have been raped in Virginia and nobody has ever been executed?" But the remaining three men were executed on Monday, Feb. 5. John S. Battle. Their trials and the electrocutions became a cause clbre similar to the Scottsboro Case of the 1930s. All Rights Reserved. Failed to report flower. One of the pickets who identified himself as Richard O. Boyer of New York City, said most of the marchers were New Yorkers and the protest came from the New York Council of Arts, Sciences and Professions. Hampton said he, Howard Hairston, Booker T. Millner and Frank Hairston Jr., were drinking wine near some railroad tracks that Saturday night. Northam said some of the defendants were impaired at the time of their arrests or unable to read confessions they signed. Virginia law authorized capital punishment for accessories, parties to the act of rape who did not take part in the act. Rise said that after Battle's clemency rejection, Martin filed a writ of habeas corpus a civil challenge to the death sentences arguing that the seven were denied equal protection under the law guaranteed by the 14th Amendment. This was objected to by the NAACP, who feared further backlash because of the CRC's Communist affiliations. All seven men were convicted and sentenced to death within eight days. This legal argument of a discriminatory death penalty was denied by the courts at that time, but by 1977 the U.S. Supreme Court began to consider the effects of race on the death penalty. The Civil Rights Congress pickets the White House February 1, 1951 demanding President Harry Truman stop the execution of the Martinsville 7 seven African American men sentenced to death for the rape of a white woman in Virginia. Former NFL star Chad Johnson says he saved money by living inside Cincinnati Bengals stadium for 2 years. cemeteries found in Duplin County, North Carolina, USA will be saved to your photo volunteer list. I thought you might like to see a memorial for Ruby Stroud Floyd I found on Findagrave.com. [6], No trial lasted more than a day, and the longest jury deliberation lasted less than two hours. All six juries convicted the young men of rape and recommended the death penalty. Raleigh, Wake County, North Carolina, USA. The mass executions were the largest in Virginia in modern times. Archives Unbound. In December, advocates and descendants of the men asked Northam to issue posthumous pardons. Rarely. All seven men were convicted and sentenced to death within eight days. Four of the men were executed in Virginia's electric chair on Feb. 2, 1951. The police first arrested Frank Hairston, Jr. and Booker T. Millner, and soon picked up James Luther Hairston, Howard Lee Hairston, John Clabon Taylor, Francis DeSales Grayson, then James Henry Hampton as additional suspects. (Figures for 1949 are not available, but one-third of the 1,505 rape victims in the state in 2009 were black women. One telegram from Moscow was signed by "workers in science, literature, the arts," including composers Dmitri Shostakovich and Sergei Prokofiev. Here's everything to know about the Martinsville Seven case: Please enter your email address and we will send you an email with a reset password code. "[6], In December 2020, the Martinsville 7 Project asked Virginia Governor Ralph Northam to pardon the Martinsville Seven posthumously and issue an apology. His signed confession, like those of the others, was read into the record and can be found in the old files. Each man was charged with rape and aiding and abetting rape both crimes punishable by death at the time. He sobbed loudly when Northam told the family members he would grant the pardons after meeting with them Tuesday. "A white lady and a little colored boy came by and the lady asked where Ruth Pettie lived we all planned to get her when she came back.". Your email address will not be published. Floyd identified Grayson and Hampton as her rapists but struggled to identify the others because the attack happened at night. Only one of the accused had a prior criminal record, and most of the men were employed. They were quickly tried in six separate trials (two agreed to be tried together), and each was convicted and sentenced to death. To view a photo in more detail or edit captions for photos you added, click the photo to open the photo viewer. In March, Northam, a Democrat, signed legislation passed by the Democrat-controlled legislature abolishing the state's death penalty. Previously sponsored memorials or famous memorials will not have this option. When the cheerleading coach broke the news to Katrina Kohel that she was the only one left on the cheer squad, Kohel was determined to compete anyway. Baseball legend Jackie Robinson's name misspelled as "Jakie" on road sign, Serena Williams honored at NAACP Image Awards, City, family reach $2 million settlement in Florida fatal police shooting, How these 3 hashtags from Black Twitter changed America, announced new steps to streamline the pardon process. At a hospital where she was examined for internal injuries, she told police that a group of black men raped her. Drag images here or select from your computer for Ruby Stroud Floyd memorial. Do I see a pattern here? The campaigns to stop the legal lynching of the Martinsville 7 and Willie McGee in Mississippi were met with red-baiting and gruesome determination by the white elite to protect strict racial codes. Three days later, the remaining three were also electrocuted. The Martinsville 7 were African-American young men accused of the rape of a white woman, Ruby Stroud Floyd, on January 8, 1949 in Martinsville, Virginia. A unique soul with a great personality has an amazing sense of humour, diligent and caring. The Civil Rights Congress and the Virginia Committee to Save the Martinsville Seven publish a flyer November 8, 1950 explaining why the Virginia case of seven black men sentenced to death was important for the fight against white supremacy. In Richmond, more than 200 people, most wearing black armbands, marched to Capitol Square from a memorial meeting at Third Street Bethel AME Church. "The Martinsville Seven were not given adequate due process 'simply for being black,' they were sentenced to death for a crime that a white person would not have been executed for 'simply for being black,' and they were killed, by the Commonwealth, 'simply for being black,' " the advocates wrote in their letter to Northam. The trial lasted for eleven days, during which the jury heard testimonies from both sides, including medical evidence of Floyds physical injuries and accounts from black witnesses whom Floyd appealed to for help after the assault. The CRC focused on producing pamphlets and publicity for outside campaigns to raise awareness about the case, including internationally, and hoped to put pressure on government officials. If people like George Floyd really did die "simply for being black," how can we doubt that black men in the . Whittle.[7]. Try again later. Thanks for using Find a Grave, if you have any feedback we would love to hear from you. Virginia had historically convicted and executed numerous black men accused of raping white women; for most of its history, only blacks were sentenced to death for rape. Learn about how to make the most of a memorial. You have permission to edit this article. They argued for lesser sentences, but Battle resisted their pleas. Audience Relations, CBC P.O. It is a priority for CBC to create products that are accessible to all in Canada including people with visual, hearing, motor and cognitive challenges. Save to an Ancestry Tree, a virtual cemetery, your clipboard for pasting or Print. The Martinsville 7 Project, according to their website, seeks to highlight the case, share their stories, collect and post records related to the case, and promote the pardon request. By using this form you agree with the storage and handling of your data by this website. Tony L. Millner, vice president of the Martinsville NAACP chapter, said he was a child when it happened. August (1992): 461-490; Eric W. Rise, The Martinsville Seven: Race Rape and Capital Punishment (Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia, 1995). By the spring of 1949, all seven men were charged with rape. The propaganda emanating from these sources bears no semblance of truth and is designed for no other purpose than to foment ill feeling between the races and to mislead those who have no knowledge of the true fact of these cases.. Smyth Jr., the penitentiary superintendent, wrote a succinct response: "No white person has ever been electrocuted in Virginia for the crime of rape; or attempted rape. In 1977 the Supreme Court referred to those arguments with respect to rulings in other cases. They should not have been executed," he added. Try again later. What the Martinsville case lacked in legal import, it made up for politically by drawing national and worldwide attention to the death penalty as a civil-rights issue. Richmond Mayor Levar Stoney, 41, and Brandy Washington tied the knot last week, a year after the couple got engaged. [8][16], On August 31, 2021, Governor Ralph Northam posthumously pardoned all seven men. After a long legal battle led by the NAACP and a grassroots campaign led by the Civil Rights Congress, the seven were executed in 1951 on February 2nd and February 5th. NAACP lawyers argued on appeal that Virginias legal code was hardly race neutral, since whites convicted of rape seldom, if ever received the death penalty. She passed four men at the railroad tracks and continued into the neighborhood, where she was later assaulted by some of those four and other men. "It is worthy of note that none of the defendants claimed that promises or threats were made by anyone before the confessions were signed," he wrote. The seven were charged with the rape of Ruby Stroud Floyd in a black neighborhood of Martinsville, Virginia on January 8, 1949. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Enter your account data and we will send you a link to reset your password. And, he asserts, it is "the most dramatic example of how the American judicial system has simply refused to face the facts about race and capital punishment.". The "Martinsville Seven" were convicted of raping 32-year-old Ruby Stroud Floyd, who had gone to a predominantly Black neighborhood in Martinsville, Virginia, on Jan. 8, 1949, to collect money for . Meanwhile, other demonstrators picketed the White House in support of the sevcen. And the real victim Ruby Stroud Floyd didnt even get a mention from those coon descendants of her rapists ! Hundreds stayed in Richmond for a prayer vigil until the executions took place. "My daddy was Hampton's uncle," she said. Floyd identified two of her rapists as Grayson and Hampton, but she could not identify the others. ), As far as Hodge-Muse and many others are concerned, the case "was just such an evil miscarriage of justice.". Verify and try again. "I won't talk about that," Martin said. Year should not be greater than current year. "It means so much to me," he said of the pardon. Their petition does not argue that the men were innocent, but says their trials were unfair and the punishment was extreme and unjust. Ruby Stroud Floyd Obituary: In the loving memory of Ruby Stroud Floyd, we are saddened to inform you that Ruby Stroud Floyd, a beloved and loyal friend, has passed away. Among the key witnesses against the men was 11-year-old Charlie Martin. "No one believed they should get off free " she said. He said none of the men had attorneys present while they were interrogated. All but one man were in their early 20s. All of them were tried by all-white juries. Are you sure that you want to delete this memorial? Virginia Gov. Based on their confessions, the police arrested: The judge appointed seven attorneys for the seven defendants. After Virginia became a state and until the end of the Civil War, state law allowed only blacks to receive a death sentence for rape. In Martinsville, the executions are no longer a common topic of conversation, but they remain on the minds of many African-Americans. A prosecutor asked him: "Charlie, do you know what happens to little boys who tell lies when they die?". She attended Palmer Grove Baptist Church where she was honored. Hodge-Muse said it was common knowledge that the victim spent a great deal of time in the black community. From 1908 when Virginia began using the electric chair to 1951, state records show that all 45 people executed for rape were Black, he said. In a news release, Northam said the pardons were not about whether the men were guilty, but it was "recognition from the Commonwealth" that the men did not receive adequate due process. At the time, rape was a capital offence. After the convictions, the seven were represented by Richmond-area civil-rights lawyers Martin A. Martin, Samuel W. Tucker, Roland D. Ealey and Oliver W. Hill, and others. A small donation would help us keep this available to all. All of the appeals by the NAACP failed. Your email address will not be published. The Spotsylvania County Sheriffs Office has decided to end its participation on a national television show, at least for now. Share. "I don't want to bring that up again.". You need a Find a Grave account to continue. The seven executed were Francis Grayson, James L. Hairston, John Claybon Taylor, Frank Hairston, Jr., Booker T. Millner, Howard Lee Hairston and Joe Henry Hampton. "[2] Their concern was ensuring a fair trial.[2]. How To Unsubscribe From Emails and Push Notifications. Oops, some error occurred while uploading your photo(s). All they are celebrating is the dismantling of White laws, laws which have held the civilised West together like glue, that once gone will herald the arrival of a new singular law, the law of the jungle the only law niggers know, and which can be perfectly summed up by Crowleys satanic epithet do what thou wilt shall be the whole of the law. Joe Henry Hampton, 21, was the first man tried. The mass executions were the largest in Virginia in modern times. There were no black jurors because the prosecution vetoed all potential black jurors. At the time, rape was a capital offense. During the eleven-day trials, juries heard testimonies from both sides, including medical evidence of Floyds physical injuries and accounts from black witnesses whom Floyd appealed to for help after the assault. / CBS/AP. Unanimous juries recommended death sentences at the end of each trial. 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